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The Great Rose Bowl Hoax was a prank at the 1961 Rose Bowl, an annual American college football bowl game. That year, the Washington Huskies were pitted against the Minnesota Golden Gophers. At halftime, the Huskies led 17–0, and their cheerleaders took the field to lead the spectators in the stands in a card stunt, a routine involving flip-cards depicting various images for the audience to raise. However, a number of students from the California Institute of Technology managed to alter the card stunt shown during the halftime break, culminating in the display of the word "CALTECH", a common nickname for the Institute. The prank has been described as the "greatest collegiate prank of all time" and received national attention, as the game was broadcast to an estimated 30 million viewers across the United States by NBC.〔''(The Great Rose Bowl Hoax of 1961 )''. ''Legends of Caltech''. Alumni Association, California Institute of Technology, 1982. Accessed 12 March 2006.〕 One author wrote, "Few college pranks can be said to be more grandly conceived, carefully planned, flawlessly executed, and publicly dramatic" than the Great Rose Bowl Hoax.〔Steinberg, Neil. ''If At All Possible Involve a Cow: The Book of College Pranks''. St. Martin's Press, 1992.〕 ==Planning== The hoax was planned by a group of Caltech students in December 1960, subsequently known as the "Fiendish Fourteen". Their leader was 19-year-old engineering student Lyn Hardy. They felt that their college was ignored up to and during the Rose Bowl Game, though the school's teams often played in the Rose Bowl Stadium a few miles from campus.〔Boese, Alex. ''(The Great Rose Bowl Hoax )''. The Museum of Hoaxes, 2002. Accessed 9 December 2007.〕 The students decided to use Washington's flip-card show to garner some attention. To discover the details behind the Huskies' show, Hardy disguised himself as a reporter for a local Los Angeles high school (Dorsey High School), and asked Washington's head cheerleader. They learned that they would be able to trick unsuspecting Washington fans into holding up the incorrect signs by changing the 2,232 instruction sheets. The students broke into the Cal State Long Beach dorm rooms where the Washington cheerleaders were staying and removed a single instruction sheet from a bedroom. They printed copies and altered each page by hand. On New Year's Eve, three of the "Fiendish Fourteen" reentered the cheerleaders' dorm building and replaced the stack of old sheets with the new. Some of the helpers were: Michael Lampton, later an astronaut; Reg Clemens, a consultant for research-and-development company Sandia Labs; Lon Bell, chief executive of Amerigon Inc.; and Harry Keller, CEO of Smart Science Education Inc.. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Great Rose Bowl Hoax」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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